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The flattener is a lens that evens out the field, as this is slightly curved by the primary optics. This curvature causes stars that are imaged at the edge of the field of view to be less sharp. The flattener, also called a field flattener, corrects this effect. Astrophotographers can then enjoy images where the stars remain sharp right out to the edge of the exposure. The flattener is installed between the telescope and the camera.
This field flattener, to work at its best, needs you to place the camera's sensor at 60mm from the field flattener rear thread.